We Share | Sun-Kissed, Not Sun-Damaged: Smart Ways to Protect Your Skin

Safeguard your skin with proper sun protection
(Photo: Canva @afloimages)

With the recent stretch of hot, sweltering days, many of us are feeling the sun’s intensity more than ever. Prolonged sun exposure leads to significant skin damage. That makes daily protection a non-negotiable essential.  

Ready to master your SPF? Here’s everything you need to know to shield your skin effectively.

Sunscreen 101: Understanding Your Options

Daily sunscreen use is strongly recommended to reduce the risks of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, especially for individuals who spend extended periods outdoors.

There are two broad categories of sunscreens:

A. Physical (Mineral) Sunscreen

It sits on top of your skin, and it reflects UV rays like a mirror. It works the second you put it on.  

B. Chemical Sunscreen

Chemical sunscreen soaks into your skin and acts like a filter. It absorbs UV rays, turns them into heat, and then releases that heat from your skin. As they absorb into the skin rather than sitting on top, they are generally better for layering under makeup. Whilst more effective than physical sunscreens, they may cause skin sensitivity in some individuals.

Sun Facts

You have probably seen that SPF number on your sunscreen bottles – but have you ever stopped to wonder what it stands for?

SPF, which stands for Sun-protection factor, measures the amount of protection against UVB radiation, which is the main cause of sunburn and skin cancer.

While protection increases with higher SPF, the gains become marginal after SPF 30.

There’s also something called the Minimal Erythema Dose (MED), which is basically the point where your skin had too much sun and starts turning red. Once you’ve hit that limit, slathering on more sunscreen will not reverse or magically undo the damage. The only effective fix is to simply get out of the sun and give your skin a break, to prevent further damage.

Sunscreen Simplified: What to Look for Before You Buy

Choose a sunscreen that is suitable for you
(Photo: Canva @Karola G from Pexels)

1. Select sunscreens that are ‘broad-spectrum’.
   These sunscreens ensure that you are shielded from both UVA (aging) and UVB (burning) rays.
   
   
2. Opt for sunscreen with at least an SPF 30+.
   This ensures effective protection against daily UV exposure. Apply liberally at least 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapply every two hours for continuous protection while outdoors.
   
   
3. Skin type considerations 
   - Sensitive Skin: Choose a physical sunscreen that contains zinc oxide or titanium dioxide.
   - Oily Skin: Choose an oil-free sunscreen.
   - High-Intensity Activity: Use a water-resistant sunscreen.
   
   
4.  Water-resistant and sweat-resistant sunscreens
   No sunscreen is truly ‘waterproof’ or ‘sweatproof’.  Instead, products are labeled as water-resistant for 40 minutes or 80 minutes, indicating how long they remain effective while swimming or perspiring before reapplication is required.

Beyond the Basics: Advanced Sun Protection Tips

1.  Wear protective clothing. Opt for wide-brimmed hats, long sleeves, and UV-shielding umbrellas. Look for items labelled with a UPF (Ultraviolet Protective Factor) rating, which indicates how effectively the fabric filters out UV radiation.
   
   
2. Avoid being outdoors between 10am and 4pm, when the UV radiation is typically highest.
   
   
3.  Be mindful of reflective surfaces such as beach sand and water, as they can reflect the UV rays onto the skin.
   
   
4.  Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration.
   
   
5.  Some medications may increase skin sensitivity to sunlight, making your skin more susceptible to sun damage. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if unsure.
   
   
6.  Check for unusual changes on the skin and consult a dermatologist if you detect anything concerning.

Protecting your skin does not have to be complicated. Small, consistent steps each day can ensure your skin stays healthy and resilient for years to come. Stay sun-safe and enjoy the sun responsibly.
 

This article was contributed by Patient Education Workgroup, with inputs from Charles Tan, Principal Pharmacist, Sengkang Polyclinic.